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符号说明 H_0、H(H_(i-1))——坯料的原始高度与经i-1次小变形后中心部分的高度。 R_1、R_2、R_3——凹模内径、冲头半径及活动凹模突肩处的半径。λ_1、λ_2、η_、η_2——比值:λ_1=R_2~2/(R_1~2-R_2~2);λ_2=R_3~2/(R_1~2-R_3~2);η_1=R_2/R_1;η_2=R_3/R_1。 (?)_0,(?)_1——上模下移速度与凹模筒移动速度。 (?)_(Z1)、(?)_(ri)、(?)_(θ1)——第i变形区的轴向、径向和切向流动速度。 (?)_(AE)、(?)_(BF1)、(?)_(BF2)——初始阶段第i变形阶段开始瞬闻金属流入上、下腔的速度和终了阶段金属流入下腔的速度。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS H_0, H (H_ (i-1)) - The original height of a billet and the height of the center part after i-1st small deformation | transformation. R_1, R_2, R_3 - concave die diameter, punch radius and the radius of the movable die shoulder. λ_1 = R_2 ~ 2 / (R_1 ~ 2-R_2 ~ 2); λ_2 = R_3 ~ 2 / (R_1 ~ 2-R_3 ~ 2); η_1 = R_2 / R_1; η_2 = R_3 / R_1. (?) _ 0, (?) _ 1-- down the die speed and the die cylinder moving speed. (?) _ (Z1), (?) _ (Ri), (?) _ (Θ1) - axial, radial and tangential flow velocities of the ith deformation zone. (?) _ (AE), (?) _ (BF1), (?) _ (BF2) -Initial stage The beginning of the i-th deformation phase Transient flow of metal into the upper and lower chamber velocity and the final stage Metal flow into the lower chamber speed.