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Adult tissue homeostasis is maintained by resident stem cells and their progeny.However,the underlying mechanismscontrolling tissue homeostasis are not fully understood.Morphogens such as BMP,Hh and Wnt,are essential for developmental patterning.Our studies demonstrated that trachea-derived Decapentaplegic(Dpp),the main BMP ligand in Drosophila,is essential for adult midgut homeostasis.Our study provided important insights into the roles of BMP signaling in inter-organ communication.