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Objective: To investigate experimental effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy with different numbers of course of treatment on motor function and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in neurons of rats with spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods: The 72 healthy male Wistar rats were selected and randomly assigned to 3 groups by using table of random number: control group (n=1 2), SCI group(n=12)and HBO treatment group(n=48).Rats of HBO group were divided into 4 subgroups according to numbers of course of treatment : HBO 1 group, HBO 2 group,HBO 3 group and HBO 4 group, n=12 in every group.Rats of HBO group and SCI group were induced into spinal cord injury with Allens method, while rats of control group didnt receive any processing.Rats of HBO groups were treated with HBO at 48 hours after modeling.Treatment of once a day and consecutive 10 days indicated one course.Rats of HBO 1 group received HBO therapy for 1 course of treatment and by parity of reasoning, rats of HBO 4 group received 44 courses.All rats were examined for standard BBB score and gastrocnemius muscle motor evoked potential (MEP) to assess their motor function.Expressions of mRNA of Caspase-3, cytochrome C (CYC), Bak, Bax, Bcl-x and Bcl-2 in spinal cord tissue were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results: Standard BBB scores were higher, MEP latencies were shorter and wave amplitudes were higher for rats in HBO 1 ~4 groups compared with those in SCI group (all P<0.05) and for rats in HBO 3~4 groups compared with those in HBO 1~2 groups (P<0.05).Expressions of mRNA of Caspase-3 and CYC were lower for rats in HBO 3~4 groups compared with those in HBO 1~2 groups (P0.05).Expressions of Bax mRNA were lower for rats in HBO 3~4 groups compared with those in SCI group and HBO 1~2 groups(P
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