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采自陕西神木煤田的二种膨润土样品,用化学分析、盖热分析、x射线衍射分析、透射电子显微镜等方法,进行了系统的测试。结果表明:作为煤层间的膨润土层为钙质膨润土,含方英石。作为煤层内夹矸的膨润土为钙钠质膨润土。二者含高岭石都相当多。还发现蒙脱石和高岭石之间通过蒙脱石一埃洛石混层矿物而互相转化。此外,通过对此膨润土的性质、分布、物质来源、大地构造等因素的分析,指出了陕北寻找合乎工业要求的膨润土矿床的前景。
Two kinds of bentonite samples collected from Shaanxi Shenmu coalfield were tested systematically by chemical analysis, thermal analysis, x-ray diffraction analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that: As a bentonite layer between coal seams is a calcium bentonite, containing cristobalite. Bentonite, which is a sagger in the coal seam, is a calcium-sodium bentonite. Both contain a lot of kaolinite. It has also been found that montmorillonite and kaolinite are interconverted by montmorillonite-allelolite minerals. In addition, through the analysis of the nature, distribution, material sources, and geotectonics of this bentonite, the prospects for finding a bentonite deposit that meets industry requirements in northern Shaanxi are pointed out.