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There exist three classes of reactions in chemistry and biology where spin-orbit coupling(SOC) plays a major role:(1) Srong SOC which should be treated variationally from the outset(e.g.,5p-or 6p-block elements);(2) Weak SOC which can be treated perturbatively:(2a) The reactants/intermediates and products have different spin,meaning that the reaction simply cannot take place without accounting for SOC;(2b) The reactants/intermediates and products do have the same spin but there may exist another energetically adajacent state of different spin,such that the reaction can be accelerated via two times nonadiabatic transitions effected by SOC.