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Objective:We have previously shown an increased expression of complement 3 (C3) in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive model.This study aims to determine the role and underlying mechanism of C3 in PVAT and the pathogenesis of hypertensive vascular remodeling.Approach and Results:We found that C3 is primarily expressed in macrophages in PVAT of blood vessels from DOCA-salt mice.We then investigated the role of C3 in macrophage polarization using peritoneal macrophages from wild-type (WT) and C3-deficient (C3KO) mice.