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In early 2011, the Chinese government issued an outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan, which clearly indicated its intention to gradually establish a CO2 emissions trading system (ETS).Two provinces and five cities have already been selected for implementing pilot ETS by 2013.The ETS will be gradually expanded to encompass the whole country by 2015.To build such a market system, the principles have to be integrated in a roadmap to build a successful ETS, which will be defined by the central government firstly.It can then guides the pilot work and facilitate the nationwide carbon market in the future.In this paper, we propose some policy recommendations for the establishment of an ETS in China: (1) As power and steel, coal mining and chemical industries demonstrate relatively high levels of sensitivity, they should be the first ones to be included into an ETS.(2) Much higher sectoral carbon intensities in less-developed regions than in developed regions of eastern China, which demonstrates a significant difference in levels of technology and implies a huge gap in the potential for emissions reduction and its cost.Therefore, inter-provincial trading should be realized as soon as possible.(3) In terms of permit allocation, we recommends that quota should be allocated freely to existing production capacity units, after which quotas should be reduced in a slow and stable manner;while quotas should be auctioned to new production capacity units, in order to facilitate the use of low-carbon technologies.(4) Given the urgent need for a transformation of the economic development in China, it is even more important to maintain an appropriate carbon price level.Therefore, we recommend that during the initial start-up period of the ETS in China, we need to set a minimum carbon price limit to avoid excessive carbon-price fluctuations.