Non-motor symptoms are of vital importance in Parkinsons disease(PD)in recent years,among which cardiovascular dysfunctions are commonly seen in PD patients before their motor signs.
Mutations in the ATP13A2 gene(PARK9)cause autosomal recessive,juvenile-onset Kufor-Rakeb syndrome(KRS),a neurodegenerative disease characterized by parkinsonism.
Many genetic mouse models of Huntingtons disease(HD)have been created but none fully recapitulate the cardinal phenotypes of HD.Transgenic mice expressing exon 1 of huntingtin show a severe phenotype
The cholinergic Nucleus Basalis of Meynert(NBM),which is important for memory functions,shows neuronal activation(up-phase)during the early stages of Alzheimers disease(AD)and neurodegeneration(down-p
The inflammasomes,which mediate the activation of caspase-1 and maturation of IL-1β and IL-18,has been unambiguously verified to participate in many diseases,such as lung diseases,infectious diseases