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Enhancing lean growth will improve the efficiency of beef production, while marbling is important for the eating quality of beef.An increasing body of evidence shows that the level of maternal nutrition alters fetal skeletal muscle development which affects the lean/fat ratio and marbling in progeny.Fetal skeletal muscle development mainly involves myogenesis (muscle cell development), but also involves adipogenesis (adipocyte development) and fibrogenesis (fibroblast development).These tissues in fetal muscle are mainly derived from mesenchymai progenitor cells.Shifting the commitment of progenitor cells from myogenesis to adipogenesis increases intramuscular fat (marbling)improving the quality grade of meats.Lack of nutrients during early to mid-gestation reduces the formation of secondary fetal muscle fibers in ruminant animals.Nutrient deficiency during the mid to late gestation decreases the number of intramuscular adipocytes and muscle fiber sizes.Knowledge of this regulatory mechanism will facilitate the development of strategies to enhance muscle growth and marbling in offspring especially in the setting of nutrient deficiency.