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The pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors are under pressure to reduce time and costs for discovery and production of new biotherapeutics.Mammalian cell cloning has traditionally been done by limited dilution which is slow, laborintensive, error-prone, and unable to cope with the numbers required for efficient screening.Fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS) has been used alongside limited dilution or as an alternative but poor correlation between secreted and surface-associated target protein means that FACS is a weak predictor of production rate.