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Bone imaging very much lends itself to input across medical and engineering disciplines.Many new techniques were introduced to bone study.As the criteria for the diagnosis of osteoporosis recommend by the study group on WHO, bone mineral density (Bone Mass Density, BMD) was widely used.But BMD accounts for only part of the variation seen in bone strength and only some of the observed reduction in fracture risk that occurs with treatment, recent developments have focused more on measuring bone structure and quality of both trabecular and cortical bone rather than bone mass alone.Bone quality refers to a number of features related to the material composition of bone and its microstructural organization.It includes many factors such as bone micro-architecture, mineralization, turnover, lacuno-canalieular system and microdamage.Microstrocture analysis is widely used for human bone study in recent years.The parameters indicate the bone microstructure and the bone quality were not clear.Future development of technology and further research work may be helping us to solve these problems.