论文部分内容阅读
中国三峡工程是当今世界上最大的水利水电工程。在2003年6月第一次蓄水至高程135m以后,发生了大量的滑坡复活及失稳现象。树坪滑坡是变形较为严重的滑坡之一。树坪滑坡属于发生在三叠系巴东组砂岩及页岩中的大型古滑坡。三峡库区的初次蓄水引起了树坪滑坡的复活,并对坡体居民的生活和长江航道的安全构成极大威胁。在GPS观测、坡体裂缝观测以及伸缩计观测数据的基础上,对库水位变化所引起的树坪滑坡的变形特征进行了分析。同时,为了解滑坡范围内地下水的分布特征,进行1m深地温测试,并对地下水存在状况进行推测。变形观测结果表明,在古滑坡的头部没有明显变形。在滑坡体上部,变形以拉伸为主,在滑坡体下部,变形以压缩为主;在滑坡体中部,没有明显的压缩和拉伸。与水库蓄水同步开始的GPS观测结果表明,蓄水开始时,滑坡体下部的变形速率较上部快,而在2005年6月,滑坡体下部的变形基本结束,滑坡变形主要体现为上部滑坡的向下滑落并挤压下部滑坡体。根据地下水的探测结果以及对滑坡变形与降雨量之间的比较,可以推测树坪滑坡的变形不仅受到库水位变化的影响,同时也受到地下水的影响。
China Three Gorges Project is the world’s largest water conservancy and hydropower project. After the first impoundment of 135m in June 2003, a great deal of landslide resurgence and instability occurred. Shuping landslide is one of the more serious landslides. Shuping landslide belongs to the large ancient landslide occurred in sandstone and shale of Triassic Patong Formation. The initial impoundment in the Three Gorges reservoir area has caused the resurgence of the Shuping landslide, posing a great threat to the life of the slope residents and the safety of the Yangtze River waterway. Based on the GPS observations, the observation of slope cracks and the telescopic observation data, the deformation characteristics of Shuping landslide caused by the change of reservoir water level are analyzed. At the same time, in order to understand the distribution characteristics of groundwater within the landslide area, 1m depth ground temperature test was carried out and the groundwater present condition was estimated. Deformation observation results show that there is no obvious deformation in the head of the ancient landslide. In the upper part of the landslide, the deformation is dominated by tension. In the lower part of the landslide, the deformation is dominated by compression. In the middle part of the landslide, there is no obvious compression and extension. The results of GPS observations starting from the reservoir water storage show that the deformation rate of the lower part of the landslide body is faster than that of the upper part at the beginning of water storage. In June 2005, the deformation of the lower part of the landslide body basically ended, and the landslide deformation mainly reflected as the upper landslide Slide down and squeeze the lower landslide body. According to the result of groundwater exploration and the comparison between landslide deformation and rainfall, it can be inferred that the deformation of Shuping landslide is not only affected by the change of reservoir water level, but also affected by groundwater.