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初至时间是地震勘探资料处理中一个很重要的参数,能否准确、快速地拾取地震记录中的初至对地震资料处理至关重要。地震记录上的初至波往往是由两种或多种不同类型的地震波组成,传统的能量比法拾取的初至参数往往由直达波和折射波的初至时间组成。在基于能量比法自动拾取地震初至的方法原理上,笔者提出一种新的初至拾取方法,即能量差法。实践表明,能量差法能有效地克服折射波的干扰,较为准确地获得直达波的初至,确保初至参数的统一性。
The first arrival time is a very important parameter in the seismic prospecting data processing. Whether the first arrival in the seismic record can be picked up accurately and quickly is very important to the seismic data processing. The first arrivals on seismic records are often composed of two or more different types of seismic waves. The first arrival parameters picked up by traditional energy methods often consist of the first arrivals of direct waves and refracted waves. In the principle of automatically picking up the first arrival of an earthquake based on the energy ratio method, the author proposes a new method of first arrival pick-up, that is, the energy difference method. Practice shows that the energy difference method can effectively overcome the interference of refracted waves, obtain the first arrival of the direct wave more accurately and ensure the consistency of the first arrival parameter.