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对南宋政权来说,在临安城内嵌入各种朝廷衙署,是使这座城市从地方都会变为政治中心的必要条件之一,不过临安有限的城市规模、既有的空间格局对此制约甚大。在帝制时代历代王朝的都城中,临安的面积偏小,城外的地理条件也使临安城在空间上难以拓展。就政治形势而言,南宋长期处于外部的军事压力下,无法对临安进行大规模重建。在这种情况下,即便是作为朝廷核心机构的三省,其衙署的创设也不免遇到困难,故而在地理位置和空间分布上极具特色。由于宫城位于临安城南端,三省只好在宫城以北安置。宫城附近可利用空间有限,造成三省在临安无法整体植入,除主体部分靠近宫城外,六部架阁库、文思院、军器所、礼部贡院、别试所等下属机构不得不散置于临安的其他地块。三省与临安的日常生活空间之间存在紧张关系:附近云集的店铺和住宅,导致三省主体部分的安保条件欠佳、火情危险不断;其他下属机构也是面临复杂的周围环境,这使其日常管理、职能发挥颇受影响。另一方面,这些机构的植入,是临安的都城机能完善的重要组成部分,并在一定程度上改变了临安的空间结构、都市景观。正是都城机能与城市空间的不断调适,使临安成为帝制时代颇为独特的一个都城。
For the regime of the Southern Song Dynasty, embedding a variety of imperial court offices in Lin’an City is one of the necessary conditions for transforming the city from a local city into a political center. However, Linan’s limited urban size and existing spatial pattern constrain this . In the ancient capital of dynasties in the imperial era, the area of Lin’an was too small and the geographical conditions outside the city also made it difficult for Lin’an to expand in space. As far as the political situation is concerned, under the external military pressure of the South for a long time, it is impossible to carry out large-scale reconstruction of Lin’an. Under such circumstances, even if the three provinces that are the core organs of the court are inevitably encountering difficulties in the establishment of their government offices, they have great geographical and spatial distribution. As Miyagi is located in the southern end of Lin’an City, the three provinces had to settle north of Miyagi. Miyagi near the available space is limited, resulting in the three provinces can not be implanted in Lin’an, in addition to the main part near Miyagi, the six shelves library, Wensis Institute, Arsenal, Court Li Gongyuan, do not test institutions and other affiliates had to be scattered Other plots in Lin’an. There is tension between the daily living space of the three provinces and Lin’an: the nearby shops and dwellings have resulted in poor security conditions in the main parts of the three provinces and continuous fire danger; other affiliates also face complex surroundings, which make their day-to-day management , The function played a significant impact. On the other hand, the implantation of these institutions is an important part of the improvement of the functions of the capital in Lin’an, and to a certain extent, changes the spatial structure and the urban landscape of Lin’an. It is the continuous adjustment of urban functions and urban space, making Lin’an a quite unique metropolis in the imperial era.